10 Downing Street - Wikipedia Prime Ministers and world leaders have been photographed outside this famous door and important announcements have been made to the nation from here. 10, Downing Street: elevation and general view, "PM's aide Cummings calls for civil service changes", "One big appointment coming today - Dominic Cummings expected to be senior advisor to the new PM - Vote Leave chief moving into govt - huge brain and experienced in govt, and will be applauded by Brexiteers - highly controversial too", "Johnson adviser's housing role highlights lack of transparency", "Sir Edward Lister resigns as Homes England Chair", "Boris Johnson appoints new chief of staff after Cummings exit", "Boris Johnson picks No 10 official to be head of UK civil service". He then surmounted the third storey of the house at the back with a pediment. The buildings exterior is recognizable by its modest black front door and its black brick facade. [112] It also contains two large bookcases that house the prime minister's library; Cabinet members traditionally donate to the collection on leaving office a tradition that began with Ramsay MacDonald in 1931. [66] During World War II, Churchill was photographed many times emerging confidently from Number 10 holding up two fingers in the sign for "Victory". 10, Downing Street: main doorway and kitchen, "Who has the key to front door of No. UK Prime Ministers Create. The arrangement became the standard practice. [61] To reassure the people that his government was functioning normally, he insisted on being seen entering and leaving Number 10 occasionally, and indeed, continued to use it for meetings and dinners despite being urged not to. Pt3: The Dining Room", Plate 130: No. Winston Churchill is represented in two photographs. Terry also added an ornate gilded ceiling to give the rooms a more stately look. The History of 10 Downing Street - Historic UK - The History Magazine Sometimes a minister only uses the Downing Street flat for formal occasions and lives elsewhere. Wed really rather not, "House of Commons Hansard Debates for 25 Oct 1989", "Wilson blocked plans for barriers outside No 10", "House of Commons Hansard Debates for 9 Jan 1990", https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-05-26/man-arrested-car-crash-downing-st-pm-office/102395402, "Man arrested after car crashes into Downing Street gates", "House of Commons Hansard Written Answers for 19 Dec 2001 (pt 59)", "House of Commons Hansard Written Answers for 24 Jul 2002 (pt 41)", "What powers do the Downing Street police actually have? RM2KCBCMK - LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM - MARCH 23, 2021: A lit candle is placed on the doorstep of 10 Downing Street, the official residence of British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, to commemorate those who have died from the Coronavirus on the National Day of Reflection, on 23 March, 2021 in London, England. 10, Downing Street | British History Online", Plate 111: No. Once the process has been completed, access to the site will be restricted to construction and maintenance activities only. https://www.britannica.com/topic/10-Downing-Street, Historic UK - The History of 10 Downing Street, British History Online - No. . The doorbell is inscribed with "PUSH" although is rarely used in practice. 2010-10-09 12:14:58. [129], The room is usually furnished with a table surrounded by 20 reproduction Adam style chairs originally made for the British Embassy in Rio de Janeiro. [157], That same year, the Leisure Circle published Christopher Jones' book No. [70][71], In 1958, a committee under the chairmanship of the Earl of Crawford and Balcarres was appointed by Harold Macmillan to investigate the condition of the house and make recommendations. [85], The Prime Minister's Office, for which the terms Downing Street and Number 10 are metonymous, lies within the 10 Downing Street building and is part of the Cabinet Office. [128], The White State Drawing room was, until the 1940s, used by Prime Ministers and their partners for their private use. A student of pop culture and the arts, he wrote about popular (and semipopular) Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. His portrait hangs in the entrance foyer of the modern Number 10. He worked at Britannica from 2004 to 2018. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). There has been a resident cat in the British government employed as a mouser and pet since the 16th century, although modern records date only to the 1920s. Name Amtszeit; 1: Lord North: 1770 - 1782 2: Marquis of Rockingham: 1782 3: Earl of Shelburne: 1782 - 1783 4: Duke of Portland: 1783: 5: William Pitt, the Younger Current role holder The Rt Hon Rishi Sunak MP Rishi Sunak became Prime. ", Text of the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (Designated Sites under Section 128) Order 2007 (No. June 2021 update The Condition of Canada's Official Residences Interactive Map Interactive Map: Discover Canada's Official Residences Advisory committees The NCC receives advice and recommendations for the official residences from two advisory committees: Advisory Committee on the Official Residences of Canada The Cabinet table, purchased during the Gladstone era, dominates the room. They were described as being of a "substantial character" mounted on proper foundations and incorporated vehicle gates. [166] Several changes in staffing took place early in February 2022. [15], Barriers were erected at the St James's Park end of the street for the unveiling of the Cenotaph on 11 November 1920. Usually furnished with a mahogany table seating only eight, Prime Ministers have often used this room when dining with family or when entertaining special guests on more personal state occasions. Beginning with Walpole, nearly all first lords of the Treasury have simultaneously held the title of prime minister (though the title was not made official until 1905), and the building has since become identified with the more familiar post. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [40], At about the same time that William Kent was combining the Downing Street townhouse with the house at the back, he was also commissioned to design and construct a new Treasury building on the site of the old Tudor Cockpit located behind Downing Street. Hendrick Danckerts' painting "The Palace of Whitehall" (shown at the beginning of this article) usually hangs in the ante-room. A 16th-century manor house in origin, it is near the village of Ellesborough, halfway between Princes Risborough and Wendover in Buckinghamshire, at the foot of the Chiltern Hills, 40 miles (64 km) north-west of central London. Within a few years, dry rot was discovered, especially in the main rooms due to inadequate waterproofing and a broken water pipe. Any original materials that were beyond repair such as the pair of double columns in the Cabinet Room would be replicated in detail. Early in the 17th century, the Cockpit was converted to a concert hall and theatre; after the Glorious Revolution of 1688, some of the first cabinet meetings were held there secretly. [101] (See The Main Stairway c1930 General view showing portraits of the prime ministers[103] and Detail of the Wrought Iron Balustrade[104])[105][106] (See also Simon Schama's Tour of Downing Street. In the committee's report there was some discussion of tearing down the building and constructing an entirely new residence but because the prime minister's home had become an icon of British architecture like Windsor Castle, Buckingham Palace and the Houses of Parliament, the committee recommended that Number 10 (and Numbers 11 and 12) should be rebuilt using as much of the original materials as possible. This became the subject of public controversy, and an Electoral Commission inquiry took place into the financing of the refurbishment. [13] In 1675 he retired to Cambridge, where he died in 1684, a few months after building was completed. The staircase had sunk several inches; some steps were buckled and the balustrade was out of alignment. The modern boat-shaped top, introduced by Harold Macmillan in the late 1950s, is supported by huge original oak legs. An advertisement in 1720 described it as "a pretty open Place, especially at the upper end, where are four or five very large and well-built Houses, fit for Persons of Honour and Quality; each House having a pleasant Prospect into St James's Park, with a Tarras Walk". The double doors behind the table lead to the State Dining Room. Skirting boards, doors, sills and other woodwork were riddled and weakened with disease. Individual ministerial residences 6 Add an answer. Official residence - Wikipedia During Walpoles tenure, the house on Downing Street served as a combined home and office, as well as a venue for entertaining distinguished visitors. One of the most striking and unusual is the already mentioned Chippendale hooded guard's chair that sits in a corner of the entrance hall. "Johnson promises No 10 shake-up after Gray finds failures", "No10 team bolstered to deliver the people's priorities", "No 10 admits using false names on letters to the public", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=10_Downing_Street&oldid=1170997414, Downing Street Permanent Secretary and Chief Operating Officer, Downing Street Director of Legislative Affairs. To build it, Soane removed the chimney from the kitchen to put a door in the room. Living in Downing Street: Rishi Sunak and family move back in The Ionic motif is also found in the door surrounds and panelling. Adjacent to St James's Park, Number 10 is approximately 34 mile (1.2km) from Buckingham Palace, the London residence of the British monarch, and near the Palace of Westminster, the meeting place of both Houses of Parliament. Until the late 19th century, Prime Ministers were required to furnish Number 10 at their own expense with furniture, tableware, china, linens, curtains and decorations. As many as 40 coats of paint were stripped from the elaborate cornices in the main rooms revealing details unseen for almost 200 years in some cases. MS. 38292, f. 11) from Lord Liverpool to Charles Ellis, dated 22 January 1823, is of interest. [20] The increase in security was due to an increase in violence, particularly by the IRA during The Troubles. Since 1735, it has been the official residence of the Prime Minister of Great Britain. The remainder are on loan from private collectors and from public galleries such as the National Portrait Gallery, the Tate Gallery, the Victoria and Albert Museum and the National Gallery. Downing probably never lived in his townhouses. In 1766, for example, Charles Townshend, Chancellor of the Exchequer, pointed out that the house was in a dilapidated condition. Today, there is a portrait of Queen Elizabeth I over the fireplace; during the Thatcher, Major and Blair ministries, a portrait of William Pitt by Romney was hung there. [30], Walpole did not accept the gift for himself. The houses on the south side of the street were demolished in the 19th century to make way for government offices now occupied by the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office. [12] The cul-de-sac had several distinguished residents: George Granville, 1st Baron Lansdowne from 1692 to 1696 and the Earl of Grantham from 1699 to 1703. [83] Further extensive repairs and remodelling, commissioned by Margaret Thatcher, were completed in the 1980s under the direction of Erith's associate, Quinlan Terry. Omissions? It became unsafe and frequently required repairs. The State Dining Room contains a mahogany sideboard by Adam. Addl. [155], In 1985, Number 10 was 250 years old. The work of a slave of the holy place, Maqsud of Kashan in the year 926" (the Islamic year corresponding to 1520). Lister served as acting chief of staff, but was replaced by Dan Rosenfield, who officially assumed the role in January 2021. The arrangement became the standard practice. The Thatcher ministry was particularly moved to increase security after the 1979 Assassination of Lord Mountbatten. He then moved the chimney to the east side, running a Y-shaped split flue inside the walls up either side of one of the windows above. Suffragettes posed in front of the door when they petitioned H. H. Asquith for women's rights in 1913, a picture that became famous and was circulated around the world. This project was completed in 1737 and included corridors connecting the Treasury building with Ten Downing Street allowing Walpole, as Chancellor of the Exchequer as well as First Lord of the Treasury and Prime Minister, direct and convenient access to the Treasury offices. Finnish PM Sanna Marin sorry for topless guest photo at official residence Today marks one year since the announcement of the first lockdown to stop the spread of . However, it is sometimes used for other purposes that require a large open space. Many rooms and sections of the new building were reconstructed exactly as they were in the old Number 10. In this video, you'll learn some cool facts and. In 2010, the Camerons completely modernised the 50-year-old private kitchen in Number 11. The post of First Lord of the Treasury has, for much of the 18th and 19th centuries and invariably since 1905, been held by the prime minister. Winston Churchill wrote that Number 10 was "shaky and lightly built by the profiteering contractor whose name they bear". A copy of a 16th-century original now kept in the Victoria and Albert Museum, there is an inscription woven into it that reads: "I have no refuge in the world other than thy threshold. 10 Downing Street is the official residence and the office of the British Prime Minister. [35] The cost of conversion is unknown. The interior wood in the Cabinet Room's double columns was like sawdust. [7] History Sir Robert Walpole is generally considered to have been the first person to hold the position of Prime Minister. Dimensions: 2831 x 4256 px | 24 x 36 cm | 9.4 x 14.2 inches | 300dpi Date taken: 2 May 2013 Location: Official residence of British Prime Minister, 10 Downing Street, London SW1A 2AA 513011.6N 00739.0W / 51.503222N 0.127500W / 51.503222; -0.127500. in English. [18] In 1974, the Metropolitan Police proposed erecting a semi-permanent barrier between the pavement and carriageway on the Foreign Office side to keep pedestrians off the main part of the street. Situated off Whitehall, a few minutes' walk from the Houses of Parliament, Downing Street was built in the 1680s by Sir George Downing. Rules relating to ministerial residences 5 2.1 Tax and expenses 5 2.2 Official hospitality 5 3. Updates? How many he built is not clear; most historians say 15, others say 20. 10 Downing Street houses the UK Cabinet Room in which Cabinet meetings take place, chaired by the Prime Minister. If he declines it, the Chancellor of the Exchequer occupies it, not as Chancellor of the Exchequer, but as second in the Commission of the Treasury. Executed in the Georgian style by the architect Kenton Couse, it is unassuming and narrow, consisting of a single white stone step leading to a modest brick front. [4], For most of its history, Number 10 was accessible to the public. [10], Downing employed Christopher Wren to design the houses. What is the official residence of the United Kingdom? They are rearranged slightly to make room for a photograph of each new Prime Minister. [90] (See The Entrance Door c1930: As seen from inside showing the black and white marble floor and the door providing access to Number 11)[99][100], When William Kent rebuilt the interior between 1732 and 1734, his craftsmen created a stone triple staircase. Time for a more elaborate, all-inclusive PM's residence in Ottawa [34], The rebuilding took three years. This was a formidable undertaking: the three buildings contained over 200 rooms spread out over five floors. The buildings increased significance in the 20th century made it the target of a Blitz attack during World War II, as well as an Irish Republican Army bomb in 1991. official office and residence of the prime minister, London, England, United Kingdom. There used to be a public house, the Rose and Crown, in Downing Street. I believe Mr. Charles Townshend occupied it, but I know Mr. Dowdeswell did, & it is remarkable that he is, I believe, the only instance of a Chancellor of the Exchequer upon Record who was not in the Cabinet. There is one exception. To its left is a long case clock by Benson of Whitehaven. [142] (See the Small Dining or Breakfast Room c1927. [49] Townshend ordered extensive repairs, which were still incomplete eight years later. Downing's portrait hangs in the entrance hall of Number 10. International agreements have been signed in this room. Tony Blair entertained the England Rugby Union team in the Pillared Room after they won the World Cup in 2003. Since 1989, entering Downing Street has required passing through a security checkpoint. With or without the prime minister present, visitors had their picture taken. Jones, see back cover picture credited to Robert Hill @ BBC. Blair and Brown's arrangement continued between Brown (at Number 11) and Alistair Darling (at Number 10), and continued in the Cameron ministry (with David Cameron at Number 11 and George Osborne at Number 10) and under the premiership of Theresa May, with Theresa May at Number 11 and Philip Hammond at Number 10.

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