Hispanic refers to individuals who are Spanish-speaking or have a background in a Spanish-speaking country. According to data from the State Departments Refugee Processing Center, more than 3 But the country, located in Southeast Asia, is not considered to have a Spanish culture. The labels (or any word/phrase) can be used for good or for bad depending on the context and users. About a quarter of Latinos who are bilingual (28%) and Spanish dominant (25%) say they have experienced discrimination or been treated unfairly, compared with 19% of English-dominant Latinos. In fact, before moving to the U.S. from Mexico, she had never identified as Latina or Hispanic. States with the highest levels of unemployment for Latinos in 2011 include California, Arizona, Illinois, New York, Florida, and Texas. Ibero-America In these nations, Romance languages including Spanish and Portuguese are the most common languages. How do you know when to use which term? Web4 Defining Race and Ethnicity Between Latin America and the United States . [16] As the 1970 census did not include a question on Hispanic origin on all census formsinstead relying on a sample of the population via an extended form ("Is this person's origin or descent: Mexican; Puerto Rican; Cuban; Central or South American; Other Spanish; or None of these"),[17] the members of the committee wanted a common designation to better track the social and economic progress of the group vis--vis the general population.[16]. It is not just lipstick, fragrance and other cosmetic products. Hispanic "[25] This definition has been adopted by the Small Business Administration as well as by many federal, state, and municipal agencies for the purposes of awarding government contracts to minority-owned businesses. However, the groups that comprise Hispanics and Latinos are actually diverse in terms of race. An illustration highlights some panethnic terms like Latino and Hispanic as well as country-specific terms like Boricua and Mexican. U.S. Census website: US Census History 1970 (Population): "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States", "Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000", "U.S. Latino Patriots: From the American Revolution to Afghanistan, An Overview", "Identification of Hispanic Ethnicity in Census 2000: Analysis of Data Quality for the Question on Hispanic Origin, Population Division Working Paper No. Latino The presence of people of Latin American origin in the United States, whether they have family roots in the region or are recent immigrants, is undeniably significant. [3][4][5], Hispanic was first used and defined by the U.S. Federal Office of Management and Budget's (OMB) Directive No. List of Latin American countries by population. "While we are Latinos, each country has its own culture and traditions," Pedreira said in Spanish. More Latinas are choosing to identify as Afro-Latina. Other federal and local government agencies and non-profit organizations include Brazilians and Portuguese in their definition of Hispanic. Finland. Latino is a masculine noun but is also used to describe a group of people of mixed gender. A person who is Latino may also be Hispanic, or not. Who is Hispanic?. Hispanic, from the Latin word for "Spain," has the broader reference, potentially encompassing all Spanish-speaking peoples in both hemispheres and emphasizing the common denominator of language among communities that might sometimes seem to have little else in common. It has been used in the U.S. Census since 1980. Spanish is the main language in Mexico, but not all Mexicans speak the language. Hispanic He also used the term Latinx for awhile, but stopped because he felt the term was coming mostly from outside his community. 2:33. List of Latin American countries by population - Wikipedia The rapid spread of Latino in the U.S. has been possible due to the policies of certain newspapers such as the Los Angeles Times and other California-based media during the 1990s. The term Latino first appeared on the 2000 census as an option for ethnicity. During the 1960s, there was a common theme of poverty and discrimination among Mexican Americans in the southwest and Puerto Ricans on the east coast of the United States. It is therefore these hierarchies that frame the discourses of Latinidad channeled in the media, as well as the media's treatment of language and what it may potentially communicate to and about Latino's claim to belonging, and in what terms they may or may not be within the political community of the United States." Legal scholar Laura E. Gmez notes that key members of the Mexican American political elite with assimilationist ideologies, all of whom were middle-aged men, helped popularize the term Hispanic among the Mexican American community, which in turn fueled both electronic and print media to use the term when referring to Mexican Americans in the 1980s. By contrast, Hispanic men (40%) are more likely than Hispanic women (31%) to say people seeing racial discrimination where it really does not exist is a bigger problem. [63], These characteristics that are often used, such as Hollywood, to classify a person of Latina/o culture and identity has been termed by scholars, "As a system of media signification, Latinidad is a performative and performed dynamic set of popular signs associated with Latinas/os and Latina/o identity. The LA Times set its feet in concrete and the use of the word 'Latino' and nothing has cracked the concrete since. SOUTH WILLIAMSPORT, Pa. A coach with Cubas first-ever Little League World Series team has gone missing, a tournament official said [58][59] According to a December 2000 poll by Hispanic Trends, 65% of the registered voters preferred the word Hispanic, while 30% chose to identify themselves as Latino. Roughly 70% of the population is Catholic. [dead link][46] A surge of Portuguese Americans faced a big scare when the Census Bureau revealed plans to categorize people of Portuguese descent as "Hispanics" in the 2020 census. 20% of the countrys population is made up of indigenous people, Aymara and Quechua included. You say Latino. It allows respondents to self-define whether they were Latino or Hispanic and then identify their specific country or place of origin. "[29], The adoption of the term Latino by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2000[30] and its subsequent media attention brought about several controversies and disagreements, specifically in the United States and, to a lesser extent, in Mexico and other Spanish-speaking countries. Afro-Latin America, 1800. Spanish WebThe state with the largest Hispanic and Latino population overall is California with 15.6 million Hispanics and Latinos. Flores added that geography, population size and demographics are also important regarding how people identify with certain labels, including hyphenated terms like "Mexi-rican" (someone who is both Mexican and Puerto Rican). "[23][7] The OMB did not accept the recommendation to retain the single term Hispanic. Latin language The population, based on estimates from 2016, is 639,048,639. Though theyre often used interchangeably, Hispanic refers only to people from Spanish-speaking countries, which includes Latin America and Spain. WebIn the United States, a Hispanic or Latino is an individual who is of full or partial Hispanic or Latino descent. 44.8. Countries Federal policy defines Hispanic not as a race, but as an ethnicity. WebLatinx. But among Latinos, just 63% selected at least one of these categories; 37% of Latinos, or 19 million, instead selected only some other race, with many offering write-in responses such as Mexican, Hispanic or Latin American.. Hispanic or Latino Hispanic Origin. Oprah Daily. 2018. ", Los Angeles Times Look beyond the 'Latino' label. But the term was used to justify French intervention in the young republics of Latin America. For example, Matias Pedreira, a 33-year-old University of Utah student from Uruguay, instead opts for country-specific labels like Uruguayan. '[6], The designation has since been used in local and federal employment, mass media, academia, and business market research. Hispanic Heritage Month Hispanic While Hispanic and Latino are sometimes used interchangeably, they have different meanings. They are reshaping states across the country The Latino or Hispanic population currently makes up about 19% of the US population. Others prefer not to use a panethnic term. While the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, for example, by the United States Census Bureau,[2] Hispanic includes people with ancestry from Spain and Latin American Spanish-speaking countries, while Latino includes people from Latin American countries that were formerly colonized by Spain and Portugal. Epirus. Essentially, politicians, the media, and marketers find it convenient to deal with the different U.S. Spanish-speaking people under one umbrella. Prez: It is important to understand that about one in five Americans is Latino its getting closer to one in four thats roughly 62 million Latinos in the U.S. and that typically does not include the over 3 million people in Puerto Rico who are American citizens, so we are a very significant community. [31][32][33][34] They argue that if Hispanic is an imposed official term, then so is Latino,[35] since it was the French who coined the expression "Latin America" (Amrique latine) to refer to the Spanish, French, and Portuguese-speaking countries of the Western Hemisphere, during their support of the Second Mexican Empire. Latin@ has been noted to have the symbolical importance of suggesting inclusiveness, by having the o encircle the a, in one character. Blacks, Hispanics Have No Preferences on Group Labels", "Latinos/Hispanics What Next! Kiss for World Cup winner Jenni Hermoso criticised by Spanish When using one of these terms to refer to a specific person, always respect their preference. Conflicts in the Middle East, Africa and elsewhere are driving hundreds of thousands of refugees to seek shelter in neighboring countries, Europe and the United States. Previously, Hispanic and Latino Americans were categorized as "Spanish-Americans", "Spanish-speaking Americans", or "Spanish-surnamed Americans". Because of the confusion surrounding what to call people whose ethnic background is from Latin American and Spanish-speaking countries. Latino(a) is used when referring to someone who comes from Latin America or is a descendant from any Latin American country. Enter your email below, and you'll receive this table's data in your inbox momentarily. Jamaica, an English-speaking nation, isnt always included as being part of Latin America either, and Jamaicans do not tend to identify as Latino. For example, Black people may identify themselves as Afro-Latino or Afro-Caribbean. Latin [4] Latino was included along with Hispanic on the 2000 U.S. By The Associated Press. "Latinx" is a gender-neutral term used in lieu of "Latino" or "Latina" to refer to a person of Latin American descent. The term officially came into existence through United States government but it was due to an activist movement. Mora, states the following about the term and what she hopes it will mean for her daughter: "I hope that my daughter will be conscious that the idea of Latino/Hispanic was actually rooted in an effort to work for social justice and political inclusion. countries The gender-neutral -x suffix replaces the -o/-a ending of Latino and Latina that are typical of grammatical gender in Spanish. ", "Identity and inclusivity are good reasons to rally around a label. 15 in 1977, which defined Hispanic as "a person of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central America or South America or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race." Pew Research Center. [41] The term has been embraced by the Latin LGBTQ+ communities. Web4.8M views. The terms Hispanic and Latino are sometimes used interchangeably, but they have different meanings. Throughout Latin America, youll find multiple ethnic groups and races. For instance, while people from Brazil are considered Latino (because Brazil is a Latin American country), they are not considered Hispanic because Brazil is a former Portuguese colony, not a Spanish one. There are also differences in usage of the terms Hispanic and Latino by geographical region. In 2015, for the first time ever, Mexico allowed people to identify as black or Afro-Mexican through a new question in its mid-decade survey. [1] [2] This includes Equatorial Not all Hispanic and Latino Americans have, This page was last edited on 29 June 2023, at 13:26. As a professor at the University of Utah, Tanya Flores has seen an uptick in students' use of Latinx. Hispanic Brazil is the largest and most populous country in Latin America. Ethnonyms used to refer to Hispanic or Latino Americans in the United States, In contrast, some dictionary definitions may include Brazilian Americans or, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities, "The Birth of the 'Hispanic' Generation: Attitudes of Mexican-American Political Elites toward the Hispanic Label", "Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity. [51][52][53][54][55] However, the mass media has helped propagate them irrespective of this fact. Map 1. Which term should you use and how do Utahns feel about them? What is problematic about this is when creating this general notion, the diversity within this demographic becomes suppressed and flattened in a demographic that is very heterogeneous just so marketers, advertisers and media content producers can communicate their version of "authentic" racial identity to consumers. Hispanic America Knowing the origins of the Hispanic and Latino labels, what they mean, how they are used, and how people self-identify helps you gain that understanding. Alicia Betancourt, a 31-year-old Puerto Rican living in West Valley City, prefers Latina. The five largest Hispanic populations in the U.S. by origin group were Mexicans (37.2 million), Puerto Ricans (5.8), Salvadorans (2.5), Dominicans (2.4) and "I have struggled identifying with a race since in Spain I am considered white and not Latinx and here I am," she said. For those who fall under the panethnic umbrella of one of these terms, cultural identity is much more nuanced and profound than a simple label, so the answers to these questions are as varied as the over 510,000 in Utah who identified as Hispanic in the most recent census. Some 57 percent to 86 percent of Mexicans and Puerto Ricanswhether born in Mexico or born in the United States, whether born in the island or in the mainlandpreferred to call themselves Mexican or Puerto Rican rather than panethnic names like Hispanic or Latino.[60]. "I think 'Latin,' as a way to either address someone who is non-gender-(conforming) or as a way to address a group of people in an inclusive manner, is the latest addition that is used more in Latin American countries," she said. Latin America and the Caribbean If they do have a preference, both groups prefer the term Hispanic rather than Latino. One of the major arguments of people who object to either term is not only the perceived stereotypical overtones they carry, but the unjust and unfair labeling of people who do not even belong to the practices and ideologies of such identities. Immigrants So what is the difference between the terms Hispanic and Latino? She has a Master's degree in psychology. This region is believed to be one of the most diverse in the world. Berkeley News. 75", "What is a Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE)? I say Hispanic. Gonzalo Pea hosts the InnoLatino podcast, which interviews Latinos across the country about innovation, diversity and leadership. By the same token, if someone is trying to place a label on you that feels uncomfortable, you are free to choose your own identity. WebWhile the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, for example, by the United States Census Bureau, [2] Hispanic includes people with ancestry from Spain and Latin American WebLatino people in this part of the country are proud of their roots but eschew identity politics. Later, these terms were also introduced to forms of identification such as driver's licenses, birth certificates, and school registration forms. Latino is traditionally reserved for males or a combination of males and females, and Latina for females. While the terms Hispanic and Latino have existed for centuries, it wasn't until they were introduced into the United States Census that they became more popularized. The Congressional Hispanic Caucus (CHC)which was organized in 1976 by five Hispanic Congressmen: Herman Badillo (NY), Baltasar Corrada del Ro (PR), Kika de la Garza (TX), Henry B. Gonzalez (TX) and Edward Roybal (CA)and the Congressional Hispanic Conference include representatives of Spanish and Portuguese descent. [9][10][11], Hispanus was the Latin name given to a person from Hispania during Roman rule. Thematic Issues; Types of Assistance; Partnerships with Other Development Partners; Climate Change / Environmental and Social Considerations; Evaluations; Compliance and Anti-corruption; Science and Technology Cooperation on Global Issues; Research Although not differentiated in the U.S. Census definition, White Latino Americans may also be defined to include those who identify as white and either originate from or have descent from not only Spanish speaking countries in Latin America but also other In this way, the use of these labels serves the purpose of allowing the government to accurately categorize the changing population and to identify trends by shared cultures. Latin America If a celebrity Puerto Rican, for instance, publicly preferred one term over another, their Puerto Rican fans may be more inclined to use that term for themselves, too," she said. Regions & Countries. Hispanic women (64%) are more likely than Hispanic men (58%) to say people not seeing racial discrimination where it really does exist is a bigger problem for the country today. Latinos, who uses the term Within the United States, the term originally referred typically to the Hispanos of New Mexico until the U.S. government used it in the 1970 Census to refer to "a person of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. For instance, U.S. Hispanics of Mexican origin have the lowest median age, at 25 years, while Hispanics of Cuban origin have the highest median age, at 40 years. WebA Hispanic person is someone who comes from or is a descendant of a Spanish-speaking country. However, other languages may be spoken throughout this region, including Mayan languages, Dutch, Italian, German, Polish, Chinese, and Japanese, just to name a few. Latinx "Of course, there are people who use two or three of these terms interchangeably, or choose one depending on who they're talking to i.e. Respondents could also identify their race (e.g., White, Black, Asian, American Indian, or Pacific Islander). Latinos in the U.S. describe their identity in many ways, reflecting the diversity of origins in the Latino community, the immigrant experience and geography. It can be confusing. The many dimensions of Hispanic racial identity, By their country of origin (e.g. In 2018, there were 151 U.S. counties where Hispanics, blacks or two much smaller racial and ethnic groups American In all adult age and gender groups other than women ages 18 to 29, the share who say These nations are located in the Western Hemisphere and are located in North America, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. In a 2012 study, most Spanish speakers of Spanish or Latin American descent in the United States did not choose to use the terms Hispanic or Latino when describing their identity. By race and ethnicity, more Asian immigrants than Hispanic immigrants have arrived in the U.S. in most years since 2009. [6] Gmez records: Another respondent agreed with this position, contrasting his white colleagues' perceptions of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus with their perception of the Congressional Black Caucus.

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